how mbti was derived from carl jung

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Carl Jung's Cognitive Model

There are four psychological functions, categorized into two groups
-sensation (S) and intuition (N) are perceiving functions
-thinking (T) and feeling (F) are judging functions
-Each function can either be introverted or extroverted.
-One function is dominant, there is a secondary function, tertiary function, and inferior function.

Interestingly:
-the versions of the perceiving functions are always opposite; the versions of the judging functions are always opposite
-the dominant and inferior function are always in the same category; the secondary and tertiary functions are always from the same category.
-the dominant and secondary function always have opposite versions.

In MBTI notation:
-the second and third letter are your dominant and secondary functions, not neccessarily in that order
-the fourth letter indicates whether the perciving or judging function of the top two is extroverted
-the first letter indicates the versioning of the dominant function.

For example, in INTJ:
-N and T lets you know that N and T are the dominant and secondary functions in some order
-I indicates that the dominant function is introverted.
-J indicates the judging function T is extroverted, which means that N is introverted, and hence, the dominant function.
-F is the third function since T and F are in the same category, and S is left over. Note that F must be introverted since T is extroverted, and S must be extroverted since N is introverted.

So INTJ is just an abbreviation of Ni, Te, Fi, Se
-introverted intuition
-extroverted thinking
-introverted feeling
-extroverted sensing

For INTP, P indicates that intuition, the perceiving function, is extroverted, so T must be the introverted and dominant function. As a result, S is introverted and F is extroverted in that order. Ti, Ne, Si, Fe
-introverted thinking
-extroverted intuition
-introverted sensing
-extroverted feeling

Below is a description of the jungian function versions, they should provide a better measure of personality.

Ne: observant, curious
Ni: visionary, determined

Te: organized, unstoppable
Ti: analytical, piercing

Se: observant, expansive
Si: impressionistic, indirect

Fe: soothing, normal
Fi: sincere, ideal

Similar MBTI acronyms are often very different cognitive processes in Carl Jung's model. One should beware of inaccurate MBTI tests that attempt to fit users into generalized categories.

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this is a summarization of https://pay.reddit.com/r/intj/comments/18e85z/new_subscribers_to_this_sub_please_learn_the/, which is about 5 times as long and was a bit confusing to me.